Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil and Supercritical CO2 Extract of Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. and of Acorus calamus L.
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- 作者：Bruno Marongiu ; Alessandra Piras ; Silvia Porcedda ; and Andrea Scorciapino
- 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- 出版年：2005
- 出版时间：October 5, 2005
- 年：2005
- 卷：53
- 期：20
- 页码：7939 - 7943
- 全文大小：41K
- 年卷期：v.53,no.20(October 5, 2005)
- ISSN：1520-5118
文摘
Volatile concentrates from the oleo-gum resin of Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. and from therhizomes of Acorus calamus were isolated by supercritical extraction with carbon dioxide. The volatileoil of myrrh was obtained at 9.0 MPa and 50 
C and at a CO2 flow of 1.5 kg/h. Acorus calamus wasextracted at 9.0 MPa and 45 C and at a CO2 flow of 1.6 kg/h. In both cases, an oil devoid of cuticularwaxes was obtained with a single depressurization stage. The SFE myrrh oil had a yield, Y, of 3.2%.Its main components, identified and quantified by GC/MS, were furanoeudesma-1,3-diene, 34.9%;lindestrene, 12.9%; curzerene, 8.5%; and germacrone, 5.8%. The essential oils from the same startingmaterial by hydrodistillation, HD, (Y = 2.8%) and by steam distillation, SD, (Y = 0.4%) were quitesimilar to the SFE extract. The main components of the SFE oil of A. calamus (Y = 3.5%) wereacorenone, 13.4%; iso-acorone, 11.6%; (Z)-sesquilavandulol, 11.0%; dehydroxy isocalamendiol, 7.7%;and 
-asarone, 5.5%. The comparison with hydrodistilled (Y = 1.8%) and steam distilled (Y = 1.0%)oils revealed large differences in the content of iso-acorone and crypto-acorone.Keywords: Supercritical carbon dioxide; essential oil; Commiphora myrrha; Acorus calamus
C and at a CO2 flow of 1.5 kg/h. Acorus calamus wasextracted at 9.0 MPa and 45 C and at a CO2 flow of 1.6 kg/h. In both cases, an oil devoid of cuticularwaxes was obtained with a single depressurization stage. The SFE myrrh oil had a yield, Y, of 3.2%.Its main components, identified and quantified by GC/MS, were furanoeudesma-1,3-diene, 34.9%;lindestrene, 12.9%; curzerene, 8.5%; and germacrone, 5.8%. The essential oils from the same startingmaterial by hydrodistillation, HD, (Y = 2.8%) and by steam distillation, SD, (Y = 0.4%) were quitesimilar to the SFE extract. The main components of the SFE oil of A. calamus (Y = 3.5%) wereacorenone, 13.4%; iso-acorone, 11.6%; (Z)-sesquilavandulol, 11.0%; dehydroxy isocalamendiol, 7.7%;and -asarone, 5.5%. The comparison with hydrodistilled (Y = 1.8%) and steam distilled (Y = 1.0%)oils revealed large differences in the content of iso-acorone and crypto-acorone.Keywords: Supercritical carbon dioxide; essential oil; Commiphora myrrha; Acorus calamus