Comparison of Methods to Reduce Dioxin and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Contents in Fishmeal: Extraction and Enzymatic Treatments

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• 作者：Caroline P. Baron ; Torger Bp ; //pubs.acs.org/images/gifchars/oslash.gif" border="0">rresen ; Charlotte Jacobsen
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：February 21, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：55
• 期：4
• 页码：1620 - 1626
• 全文大小：58K
• 年卷期：v.55,no.4(February 21, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Methods to remove dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from fishmeal were investigatedand compared. The tested methods include (i) lowering the fat content and simultaneously the levelof toxic contaminants using either organic solvents or (ii) lowering the fat content using protease and(iii) removal of dioxins and PCBs using either oil extraction or (iv) breakdown of dioxin and PCBsusing oxidoreductase. The results showed that the organic solvents tested (ethanol, isopropanol,and isohexane) were efficiently lowering the oil content of the fishmeal by 80%. However, the treatedfishmeal has a low fat content and may contain traces of solvent. The protease alcalase was not asefficient as the solvent extraction and only removed approximately 30% of the oil but presented theadvantage of being a mild process. Other proteases, alone or in combination with other enzymes,might give better yield if the reaction conditions are optimized. In contrast, extraction of dioxin andPCBs using olive oil or fish oil was very effective and resulted in 60-75% extraction of dioxin andPCBs, respectively, after a single extraction step. No preference for the oil type was observed. Thismethod is very simple and quick and does not require an important investment for the fishmealproducer. It is expected that with optimization this method could be implemented at an industrialscale without too many difficulties. In contrast, the oxidoreductases tested did not result in a majordegradation of dioxins and PCBs with only 10-15% degradation achieved. However, with the recentadvancement in biotechnology, it is possible that future research will result in the development ofenzymes that effectively degrade recalcitrant contaminants.