Michael-type addition reactions offer the possibility to obtain in situ formation of polymeric hydrogels in theabsence of a radical mechanism for the networking process. We explored such a synthetic route for obtaining apoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based hydrogel as a potential biomaterial for applications in vitro-retinal replacementsurgery. The presence of radicals in the reaction medium can represent a risk for in situ surgical treatment. Tocircumvent this problem we have applied nucleophilic addition to ad hoc modified PVA macromers. The gelformation has been studied with respect to the timing required in this surgery and in terms of the structuralcharacteristics of the obtained network.