Native or Raw Starch Digestion: A Key Step in Energy Efficient Biorefining of Grain

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• 作者：George H. Robertson ; Dominic W. S. Wong ; Charles C. Lee ; Kurt Wagschal ; Michael R. Smith ; and William J. Orts
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：January 25, 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：54
• 期：2
• 页码：353 - 365
• 全文大小：162K
• 年卷期：v.54,no.2(January 25, 2006)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Improved molecular disassembly and depolymerization of grain starch to glucose are key to reducingenergy use in the bioconversion of glucose to chemicals, ingredients, and fuels. In fuel ethanolproduction, these biorefining steps use 10-20% of the energy content of the fuel ethanol. The needto minimize energy use and to raise the net yield of energy can be met by replacing high-temperature,liquid-phase, enzymatic digestion with low temperature, solid-phase, enzymatic digestion. Also calledcold hydrolysis, the approach is a step toward a "green" method for the production of fuel ethanol.There has been substantial prior and increased recent interest in this approach that is presented inthis first review of the subject. We include incentives, developmental research, fundamental factorsof raw starch digestion, and novel approaches in enzymology and processing. The discussion drawson resources found in enzymology, engineering, plant physiology, cereal chemistry, and kinetics.Keywords: Raw starch; solid starch; digestion; enzymes; starch structure; cold cook; cold hydrolysis;liquefaction; saccharification; fermentation