Turbulence Effects on Volatilization Rates of Liquids and Solutes

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• 作者：Jiunn-Fwu Lee ; Huan-Ping Chao ; Cary T. Chiou ; and Milton Manes
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：August 15, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：38
• 期：16
• 页码：4327 - 4333
• 全文大小：147K
• 年卷期：v.38,no.16(August 15, 2004)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Volatilization rates of neat liquids (benzene, toluene,fluorobenzene, bromobenzene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene,o-xylene, o-dichlorobenzene, and 1-methylnaphthalene) andof solutes (phenol, m-cresol, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene,o-xylene, and ethylene dibromide) from dilute watersolutions have been measured in the laboratory over awide range of air speeds and water-stirring rates. The overalltransfer coefficients (K_L) for individual solutes areindependent of whether they are in single- or multi-solutesolutions. The gas-film transfer coefficients (k_G) forsolutes in the two-film model, which have hitherto beenestimated by extrapolation from reference coefficients, cannow be determined directly from the volatilization ratesof neat liquids through a new algorithm. The associated liquid-film transfer coefficients (k_L) can then be obtained frommeasured K_L and k_G values and solute Henry law constants(H). This approach provides a novel means for checkingthe precision of any k_L and k_G estimation methods for ultimateprediction of K_L. The improved k_G estimation enablesaccurate K_L predictions for low-volatility (i.e., low-H) soluteswhere K_L and k_GH are essentially equal. In addition, theprediction of K_L values for high-volatility (i.e., high-H) solutes,where K_L tities/cong.gif"> k_L, is also improved by using appropriatereference k_L values.