Characterization of a Near-Infrared Laparoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging System for Minimally Invasive Surgery

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• 作者：Karel J. Zuzak ; Sabira C. Naik ; George Alexandrakis ; Doyle Hawkins ; Khosrow Behbehani ; Edward H. Livingston
• 刊名：Analytical Chemistry
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：June 15, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：79
• 期：12
• 页码：4709 - 4715
• 全文大小：386K
• 年卷期：v.79,no.12(June 15, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-6882

文摘

We developed and characterized a new imaging platformfor minimally invasive surgical venues, specifically asystem to help guide laparoscopic surgeons to visualizebiliary anatomy. This platform is a novel combination ofa near-infrared hyperspectral imaging system coupledwith a conventional surgical laparoscope. Intraoperativetissues are illuminated by optical fibers arranged in a ringaround a center-mounted relay lens collecting back-reflected light from tissues to the hyperspectral imagingsystem. The system consists of a focal plane array (FPA)and a liquid crystal tunable filter, which is continuouslytunable in the near-infrared spectral range of 650-1100nm with the capability of passing light with a meanbandwidth of 6.95 nm, and the FPA is a high-sensitivityback-illuminated, deep depleted charge-coupled device.Placing a standard resolution target 5.1 cm from the distalend of the laparoscope, a typical intraoperative workingdistance, produced a 7.6-cm-diameter field of view withan optimal spatial resolution of 0.24 mm. In addition, thesystem's spatial and spectral resolution and its wavelengthtuning accuracy are characterized. The spectroscopicimages are formatted into a three-dimensional hyperspectral image cube and processed using principle componentanalysis. The processed images provide contrast basedon measured spectra associated with chemically differentanatomical structures helping identify the main molecularchromophores inherent to each tissue. The principalcomponent images were found to image swine gallbladderand biliary structures from surrounding tissues, in realtime, during cholecystectomy surgery. Furthermore, it isshown that surgeons can interrogate selected imagesubregions for their molecular composition identifyingbiliary anatomy during surgery and before any invasiveaction is undertaken.