Taper PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 Nanowire Arrays: From Controlled Growth by Pulsed Laser Deposition to Piezopotential Measurements

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• 作者：Yu-Ze Chen ; Te-Hsiang Liu ; Cheng-Ying Chen ; Chin-Hung Liu ; Szu-Ying Chen ; Wen-Wei Wu ; Zhong Lin Wang ; Jr-Hau He ; Ying-Hao Chu ; Yu-Lun Chueh
• 刊名：ACS Nano
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：March 27, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：6
• 期：3
• 页码：2826-2832
• 全文大小：463K
• 年卷期：v.6,no.3(March 27, 2012)
• ISSN：1936-086X

文摘

Single crystalline PbZr_0.2Ti_0.8 (PZT) nanowires arrays (NWAs) with taper morphology were epitaxially grown on SrTiO₃ (STO) substrate using pulse laser deposition. The taper morphology was attributed to the overcoating of PZT layer via a lateral growth of PZT clusters/adatoms during PZT NW growth. The growth window for PZT film or nanowire was systematically studied at varied temperatures and pressures. The proposed growth mechanism of the taper PZT NWAs was investigated from a layer by layer growth via Frank鈥揤an Der Merwe growth, followed by a formation of three-dimensional islands via Stranski鈥揔rastanow growth, and then axial growth on the lowest energy (001) plane with growth direction of [001] via vapor鈥搒olid growth mechanism. However, under certain conditions such as at higher or lower pressure (>400 or <200 mTorr) or substrate temperatures (>850 掳C and <725 掳C), formation of the PZT NWs is suppressed while the epitaxial PZT thin film via the layer-by-layer growth remains. The controllable growth directions of the PZT NWAs on (001), (110), and (111) STO substrates were demonstrated. The piezopotential of the taper PZT NWAs using a conducting atomic force microscope with the average voltage output of 18 mV was measured. The theoretical piezopotential of a PZT NW was calculated to compare with the measured outputs, providing a comprehensively experimental and theoretical understanding of the piezoelectricity for the PZT NW.

Keywords:

pulsed laser deposition; PZT nanowire arrays; piezopotential; vapor-solid growth