鈥淪mart鈥?Fertilizer with Temperature- and pH-Responsive Behavior via Surface-Initiated Polymerization for Controlled Release of Nutrients
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- 作者：Chen Feng ; Shaoyu L眉 ; Chunmei Gao ; Xinggang Wang ; Xiubin Xu ; Xiao Bai ; Nannan Gao ; Mingzhu Liu ; Lan Wu
- 刊名：ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：December 7, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：3
- 期：12
- 页码：3157-3166
- 全文大小：544K
- ISSN：2168-0485
文摘
With the fast development of sustainable modern agriculture, there has been a shift toward the development of controlled/slow release fertilizers (CSRFs) that can overcome current limitations of conventional fertilizers. Ideally, CSRFs would release nutrient matching plants demands, even when environmental conditions fluctuate. However, no current CSRFs meet this ideal, especially as nutrient release is affected by temperature and pH. In this study, a 鈥渟mart鈥?fertilizer with polymer brushes of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) grafting from polydopamine-coated ammonium zinc phosphate via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization is reported. The structure and morphology of the fertilizer were measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); the composition of the product was determined with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometer. Dual-responsive controlled-release behaviors were characterized in water by spectrophotometry and ICP, and results demonstrate the 鈥渟mart鈥?fertilizer shows excellent temperature- and pH-responsive behavior to release nutrients according to the ambient environment. The nutrients release rate can be obviously accelerated in an acidic pH (below pKa) medium at a definite temperature. In addition, low temperature (below LCST) can accelerate the nutrients release rate in a basic medium (above pKa), which is contrasting to the reduction of nutrients release rate at high temperature (above LCST) in the same medium. The pH- and temperature-responsive 鈥渟mart鈥?fertilizer will improve nutrients availability and avoid excessive release of nutrients causing damage to plant roots at high temperature, which indicating that the stimuli-responsive system has potential application in sustainable modern agriculture.