Unexpected Metabolic Reactions and Secondary Targets of Pesticide Action

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• 作者：John E. Casida
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 8, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：64
• 期：22
• 页码：4471-4477
• 全文大小：475K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Pesticides provide a fascinating combination of substituents not present in other environmental chemicals, leading to unexpected metabolites and toxicological effects in pests, mammals, and other organisms. The parent compound and/or metabolites of some pesticides have multiple targets, requiring identification of the causal agents and their modes of action. This review considers a few of the author’s observations in the past six decades, some solved and others still puzzling. It illustrates that a new substituent combination not only confers specific chemical and physical properties to a class of compounds but often yields metabolites with a surprising variety of biological activities. Examples considered include proinsecticides, procyclic phosphates, CYP inhibitors as synergists, thiocarbamate sulfoxides, promutagens, carcinogens, and hepatotoxins, and stress tolerance inducers in plants. Although the discoveries considered are based on pesticide toxicology, they are broadly applicable to environmental toxicology and xenobiotics in animals, plants, and microorganisms.