Engineered Polymeric Nanoparticles for Bioremediation of Hydrophobic Contaminants

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• 作者：Warapong Tungittiplakorn ; Claude Cohen ; and Leonard W. Lion
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：March 1, 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：39
• 期：5
• 页码：1354 - 1358
• 全文大小：110K
• 年卷期：v.39,no.5(March 1, 2005)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants, such aspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), to soil has beenshown to limit their solubilization rate and mobility. Inaddition, sequestration of contaminants by sorption to soiland by partitioning in nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs)reduces their bioavailability. Polymeric nano-network particleshave been demonstrated to increase the "effective"solubility of a representative hydrophobic organic contaminant,phenanthrene (PHEN) and to enhance the release ofPHEN from contaminated aquifer material. In this study,we investigate the usefulness of nanoparticles made froma poly(ethylene) glycol modified urethane acrylate(PMUA) precursor chain, in enhancing the bioavailabilityof PHEN. PMUA nanoparticles are shown to increase themineralization rate of PHEN crystal in water, PHENsorbed on aquifer material, and PHEN dissolved in amodel NAPL (hexadecane) in the presence of aquifer media.These results show that PMUA particles not only enhancethe release of sorbed and NAPL-sequestered PHEN butalso increase its mineralization rate. The accessibility ofcontaminants in PMUA particles to bacteria also suggeststhat particle application may be an effective means toenhance the in-situ biodegradation rate in remediationthrough natural attenuation of contaminants. In pump-and-treat or soil washing remediation schemes, bioreactorscould be used to recycle extracted nanoparticles. Theproperties of PMUA nanoparticles are shown to be stablein the presence of a heterogeneous active bacterialpopulation, enabling them to be reused after PHEN boundto the particles has been degraded by bacteria.