Sources and Haloacetic Acid/Trihalomethane Formation Potentials of Aquatic Humic Substances in the Wakarusa River and Clinton Lake near Lawrence, Kansas
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- 作者：Michael L. Pomes ; Cynthia K. Larive ; E. Michael Thurman ; W. Reed Green ; William H. Orem ; Colleen E. Rostad ; Tyler B. Coplen ; Benjamin J. Cutak ; and Ann M. Dixon
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2000
- 出版时间：October 15, 2000
- 年：2000
- 卷：34
- 期：20
- 页码：4278 - 4286
- 全文大小：317K
- 年卷期：v.34,no.20(October 15, 2000)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Gram quantities of aquatic humic substances (AHS) wereextracted from the Wakarusa River-Clinton LakeReservoir system, near Lawrence, KS, to support nuclearmagnetic resonance (NMR) experimental studies, reportconcentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and AHS,define sources of the AHS, and determine if the AHSyield sufficient quantities of haloacetic acids (HAA5) andtrihalomethanes (THM4) that exceed U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL)in drinking water. AHS from the Wakarusa River andClinton Lake originated from riparian forest vegetation,reflected respective effects of soil organic matter and aquaticalgal/bacterial sources, and bore evidence of biologicaldegradation and photodegradation. AHS from the WakarusaRiver showed the effect of terrestrial sources, whereasClinton Lake humic acid also reflected aquatic algal/bacterialsources. Greater amounts of carbon attributable to tannin-derived chemical structures may correspond with higherHAA5 and THM4 yields for Clinton Lake fulvic acid. Prior toappreciable leaf-fall from deciduous trees, the combined(humic and fulvic acid) THM4 formation potentials for theWakarusa River approached the proposed EPA THM4Stage I MCL of 80 
g/L, and the combined THM4 formationpotential for Clinton Lake slightly exceeded the proposedTHM4 Stage II MCL of 40 g/L. Finally, AHS from Clinton Lakecould account for most (>70%) of the THM4 concentrationsin finished water from the Clinton Lake Water TreatmentPlant based on September 23, 1996, THM4 results.
g/L, and the combined THM4 formationpotential for Clinton Lake slightly exceeded the proposedTHM4 Stage II MCL of 40 g/L. Finally, AHS from Clinton Lakecould account for most (>70%) of the THM4 concentrationsin finished water from the Clinton Lake Water TreatmentPlant based on September 23, 1996, THM4 results.