Aversion of European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) to Garlic Oil Treated Granules: Garlic Oil as an Avian Repellent. Garlic Oil Analysis by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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• 作者：Arla G. Hile ; Zhixing Shan ; Shao-Zhong Zhang ; and Eric Block
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：April 21, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：52
• 期：8
• 页码：2192 - 2196
• 全文大小：76K
• 年卷期：v.52,no.8(April 21, 2004)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

European starlings significantly reduced their consumption of a food mixture that was 50% food-grade garlic oil (GO)-impregnated granules, even after overnight food deprivation, as demonstratedby "one-choice" ("no-choice") tests. Food consumption during 3 h following overnight food deprivationwas reduced by 61-65% compared to controls. By testing the same subjects with 25, 10, and 1%mixtures of granules in feed, it was shown that commercial GO granules were repellent to birds inlower concentrations, with more than a 50% decrease in feeding for birds presented with a 10%mixture of commercial GO granules in food and a 17% decrease for the 1% treatment. Productscontaining GO show considerable promise as inexpensive, environmentally benign, nonlethal birdrepellents. In comparing various GO preparations used in this work, nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopic methods prove to be particularly useful for rapid quantitation of major and minorcomponents without requiring fractionation or isolation procedures, which could adversely effect theless stable components.Keywords: Garlic oil; Allium sativum; European starlings; Sturnus vulgaris; avian repellents; NMRmethods