Modeling the Effect of Charge Density in the Active Layers of Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes on the Rejection of Arsenic(III) and Potassium Iodide

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• 作者：Orlando Coronell ; Baoxia Mi ; Benito J. Mari帽as ; David G. Cahill
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：January 2, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：1
• 页码：420-428
• 全文大小：404K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.1(January 2, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

We used an extended solution-diffusion model that incorporates Donnan electrostatic exclusion of ions and unhindered advection due to imperfections, and measurements of charge density in the polyamide active layers of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes, to predict the rejection of a strong electrolyte (i.e., potassium iodide) and a weak acid (i.e., arsenious acid) as a function of the pH of the feed aqueous solution. Predictions of solute rejection were in agreement with experimental data indicating that (i) the extended solution-diffusion model taking into account Donnan exclusion and unhindered advection due to imperfections satisfactorily describes the effect of pH on solute rejection by RO/NF membranes and (ii) measurement of charge density in active layers provides a valuable characterization of RO/NF membranes. Our results and analysis also indicate that independent ions, and not ion pairs, dominate the permeation of salts.