Energetic Salts Based on 3,5-Bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole Monoanion and Dianion: Controllable Preparation, Characterization, and High Performance

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• 作者：Jiaheng Zhang ; Srinivas Dharavath ; Lauren A. Mitchell ; Damon A. Parrish ; Jean’ne M. Shreeve
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 22, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：138
• 期：24
• 页码：7500-7503
• 全文大小：293K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Molecular modification of known explosives is considered to be an efficient route to design new energetic materials. A new family of energetic salts based on the 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole monoanion and dianion were controllably synthesized by using 1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene as a precursor. X-ray structure determination of monohydrazinium 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolate (5) and monoammonium (6) and diammonium 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolate hydrate (8·H₂O) further confirmed the structures of these anions. In addition, as supported by X-ray data, in the monoanion system, the roving proton on the ring nitrogen rather than on the gem-dinitro carbon results in extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions and higher packing coefficients. Interestingly, 5 and 6 possess the highest calculated crystal densities, 1.965 and 1.957 g cm^–3 at 150 K, for hydrazinium and ammonium energetic salts, respectively. Energetic evaluation indicates that 5 (detonation velocity v_D = 9086 m s^–1; detonation pressure P = 38.7 GPa) and 6 (v_D, 9271 m s^–1; P = 41.0 GPa) exhibit great detonation properties, superior to those of current highly explosive benchmarks, such as 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX).