Electrochemically Synthesized Sb/Sb2O3 Composites as High-Capacity Anode Materials Utilizing a Reversible Conversion Reaction for Na-Ion Batteries

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• 作者：Kyung-Sik Hong ; Do-Hwan Nam ; Sung-Jin Lim ; DongRak Sohn ; Tae-Hee Kim ; HyukSang Kwon
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 12, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：7
• 期：31
• 页码：17264-17271
• 全文大小：456K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

Sb/Sb₂O₃ composites are synthesized by a one-step electrodeposition process from an aqueous electrolytic bath containing a potassium antimony tartrate complex. The synthesis process involves the electrodeposition of Sb simultaneously with the chemical deposition of Sb₂O₃, which allows for the direct deposition of morula-like Sb/Sb₂O₃ particles on the current collector without using a binder. Structural characterization confirms that the Sb/Sb₂O₃ composites are composed of approximately 90 mol % metallic Sb and 10 mol % crystalline Sb₂O₃. The composite exhibits a high reversible capacity (670 mAh g^鈥?) that is higher than the theoretical capacity of Sb (660 mAh g^鈥?). The high reversible capacity results from the conversion reaction between Na₂O and Sb₂O₃ that occurs additionally to the alloying/dealloying reaction of Sb with Na. Moreover, the Sb/Sb₂O₃ composite shows excellent cycle performance with 91.8% capacity retention over 100 cycles, and a superior rate capability of 212 mAh g^鈥? at a high current density of 3300 mA g^鈥?. The outstanding cycle performance is attributed to an amorphous Na₂O phase generated by the conversion reaction, which inhibits agglomeration of Sb particles and acts as an effective buffer against volume change of Sb during cycling.