Barbecue Fumes: An Overlooked Source of Health Hazards in Outdoor Settings?
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- 作者：Chen-Chou Wu ; Lian-Jun Bao ; Ying Guo ; Shao-Meng Li ; Eddy Y. Zeng
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：September 1, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：49
- 期：17
- 页码：10607-10615
- 全文大小：430K
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Barbecuing or charcoal-grilling has become part of popular outdoor recreational activities nowadays; however, potential human health hazards through outdoor exposure to barbecue fumes have yet to be adequately quantified. To fill this knowledge gap, atmospheric size-fractioned particle and gaseous samples were collected near an outdoor barbecuing vendor stall (along with charcoal-grilled food items) in Xinjiang of Northwest China with a 10-stage micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor and a polyurethane foam (PUF) sampler and were analyzed for particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Exposure to PAHs through inhalation and dermal contact by adult consumers who spent 1 h per day near a charcoal-grilling vendor for a normal meal (lunch or dinner) amounted to a BaP equivalent (BaPeq) dosage of 3.0鈥?7 ng day鈥? (inhalation: 2.8鈥?7 ng day鈥? of BaPeq; dermal contact: 0.2鈥?0 ng day鈥? of BaPeq), comparable to those (22鈥?20 ng day鈥? of BaPeq) from consumer exposure through the consumption of charcoal-grilled meat, assumed to be at the upper limit of 50鈥?50 g. In addition, the potential health risk was in the range of 3.1 脳 10鈥?0 to 1.4 脳 10鈥? for people of different age groups with inhalation and dermal contact exposure to PAHs once a day, with a 95% confidence interval (7.2 脳 10鈥? to 1.2 脳 10鈥?) comparable to the lower limit of the potential cancer risk range (1 脳 10鈥? to 1 脳 10鈥?). Sensitivity analyses indicated that the area of dermal contact with gaseous contaminants is a critical parameter for risk assessment. These results indicated that outdoor exposure to barbecue fumes (particularly dermal contact) may have become a significant but largely neglected source of health hazards to the general population and should be well-recognized.