Environmental Impact of Buildings鈥擶hat Matters?

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Niko Heeren ; Christopher L. Mutel ; Bernhard Steubing ; York Ostermeyer ; Holger Wallbaum ; Stefanie Hellweg
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 18, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：49
• 期：16
• 页码：9832-9841
• 全文大小：500K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The goal of this study was to identify drivers of environmental impact and quantify their influence on the environmental performance of wooden and massive residential and office buildings. We performed a life cycle assessment and used thermal simulation to quantify operational energy demand and to account for differences in thermal inertia of building mass. Twenty-eight input parameters, affecting operation, design, material, and exogenic building properties were sampled in a Monte Carlo analysis. To determine sensitivity, we calculated the correlation between each parameter and the resulting life cycle inventory and impact assessment scores. Parameters affecting operational energy demand and energy conversion are the most influential for the building鈥檚 total environmental performance. For climate change, electricity mix, ventilation rate, heating system, and construction material rank the highest. Thermal inertia results in an average 2鈥?% difference in heat demand. Nonrenewable cumulative energy demand of wooden buildings is 18% lower, compared to a massive variant. Total cumulative energy demand is comparable. The median climate change impact is 25% lower, including end-of-life material credits and 22% lower, when credits are excluded. The findings are valid for small offices and residential buildings in Switzerland and regions with similar building culture, construction material production, and climate.