Dioxins and Related Compounds in Albatrosses from the Torishima Island, Japan: Accumulation Features by Growth Stage and Toxicological Implications

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• 作者：Tatsuya Kunisue ; Shigeyuki Nakanishi ; Nariko Oka ; Fumio Sato ; Miyako Tsurumi ; Shinsuke Tanabe
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：November 15, 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：40
• 期：22
• 页码：6919 - 6927
• 全文大小：233K
• 年卷期：v.40,no.22(November 15, 2006)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Concentrations of dioxins and related compounds (DRCs),such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and coplanarpolychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs), were determined ineggs, nestlings, and adults of black-footed albatross (BfA;Diomedea nigripes) and short-tailed albatross (StA;Diomedea albatrus) collected from the Torishima Island inJapan during 2002, which is one of their breeding grounds.Observed DRC concentrations, especially PCDFs and non-ortho Co-PCBs, in eggs of BfA and StA were relativelyhigher than those in other oceanic, coastal, and inland wildbirds reported recently and were comparable to those ina pooled BfA egg from Midway Atoll in 1993, implyingcontinuous input of these contaminants into open oceanand possible albatross-specific exposure. Concentrations ofPCDDs except 12378-P₅CDD and high-chlorinated PCDFsin 3-month-old BfA nestling were lower than those in 1-month-old nestling, indicating their developmental dilution. Onthe other hand, higher levels of T₄-H₆CDFs and Co-PCBs,especially low-chlorinated congeners such as 2378-T₄CDFand T₄CB77, were found in 3-month-old BfA nestling,suggesting specific exposure to these contaminants, possiblydue to their higher transportability than high-chlorinatedcongeners. Estimated biomagnification factors of almost allthe congeners in adults were apparently greater thanthose in nestlings, except 2378-T₄CDF, T₄CB77, and H₇-O₈CDD/Fs. This could be due to preferential metabolism of 2378-T₄CDF and T₄CB77 and lower uptake efficiency of high-chlorinated congeners through the gastrointestinal tract inadults. Toxic equivalents in BfA and StA eggs estimatedusing WHO-avian toxic equivalency factors exceeded sometoxicity thresholds for avian embryos, indicating possibleadverse effects of DRCs to albatross embryos.