Herbal Drug Quality and Phytochemical Composition of Hypericum perforatum L. Affected by Ash Yellows Phytoplasma Infection
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- 作者：Renato Bruni ; Federica Pellati ; Maria Grazia Bellardi ; Stefania Benvenuti ; Samanta Paltrinieri ; Assunta Bertaccini ; and Alberto Bianchi
- 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- 出版年：2005
- 出版时间：February 23, 2005
- 年：2005
- 卷：53
- 期：4
- 页码：964 - 968
- 全文大小：47K
- 年卷期：v.53,no.4(February 23, 2005)
- ISSN：1520-5118
文摘
Qualitative/quantitative phytochemical variations were observed in dried flowering tops of cultivatedHypericum perforatum L. cv. Zorzi infected by phytoplasmas of the "ash yellows" class, identified bydirect and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR); this is the first report of ribosomial group 16SrVIIphytoplasmas in St. John's Wort. Methanolic extracts of healthy and infected plants were separatedby reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography to quantify naphthodianthrones andflavonoids, while essential oils were analyzed by means of gas chromatography (GC)-GC/MS. Theaffected plants exhibited decreased amounts of rutin (1.96 ± 0.23 vs 4.96 ± 0.02 mg/g), hyperoside(2.38 ± 0.21 vs 3.04 ± 0.05 mg/g), isoquercitrin (1.47 ± 0.04 vs 3.50 ± 0.08 mg/g), amentoflavone(0.12 ± 0.01 vs 0.39 ± 0.02 mg/g), and pseudohypericin (1.41 ± 0.23 vs 2.29 ± 0.07 mg/g), whereasthe chlorogenic acid content was doubled (1.56 ± 0.11 vs 0.77 ± 0.02 mg/g). Hypericin, quercitrin,and quercetin contents were not severely affected. The essential oil yield was drastically reduced ininfected material (0.11 vs 0.75% in healthy material) and revealed an increased abundance ofsesquiterpenes (
-caryophyllene, 
-elemene, and germacrene D, in particular) and a matchingdecrease in monoterpene hydrocarbons and aliphatics. The consequences that the phytopathologicalcondition of cultivated H. perforatum plants has on the commercial quality, market value, andtherapeutic efficacy are outlined.Keywords: Phytoplasma disease; Hypericum perforatum; cultivation; hypericins; flavonoids; essentialoil
-caryophyllene, -elemene, and germacrene D, in particular) and a matchingdecrease in monoterpene hydrocarbons and aliphatics. The consequences that the phytopathologicalcondition of cultivated H. perforatum plants has on the commercial quality, market value, andtherapeutic efficacy are outlined.Keywords: Phytoplasma disease; Hypericum perforatum; cultivation; hypericins; flavonoids; essentialoil