Variations of the Particulate Carbon Distribution from a Nonroad Diesel Generator

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• 作者：Zifei Liu ; Mingming Lu ; M. Eileen Birch ; Tim C. Keener ; Soon-Jai Khang ; and Fuyan Liang
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：October 15, 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：39
• 期：20
• 页码：7840 - 7844
• 全文大小：162K
• 年卷期：v.39,no.20(October 15, 2005)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The emissions of diesel particulate matter (DPM) fromdiesel engines are causing increasing health concernsdue to their suspected carcinogenicity, especially thecarbonaceous fractions. The total DPM emissions and theorganic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) distributionsof the DPM depend on many operating factors, such as load,engine design parameters, fuel sulfur content, fuelusage rate, and sampling conditions. Results of previousstudies on the OC/EC variations with load for heavy-dutyvehicles have been reported, but information is scarce fornonroad diesel generators. There is a clear need tobetter characterize nonroad DPM emissions, as studieshave indicated that DPM emissions from nonroad dieselengines are significantly higher than those from on-roadsources. The objective of the study is to provide a detailedaccount of the OC/EC distributions for a nonroad dieselgenerator operated with high and low sulfur fuels underdifferent load conditions. DPM emissions were collectedusing an EPA Method 5 (Determination of Particulate MatterEmissions from Stationary Sources) sampling train. TheOC and EC concentrations were quantified by NIOSH Method5040. DPM concentrations and the relative contributionsof OC, EC, and noncarbonaceous materials vary significantlywith engine load, fuel sulfur content, and sample collectiontemperature. The fractions of EC over DPM increasewith increasing load from 21% at 0kW to 84% at 75 kWfor the low sulfur fuel, while those of OC decrease from 62%to 9%. This is consistent with other studies, and thesame trends exist regardless of the sulfur content andDPM collection temperature. The fractions of organiccompounds range from 77% to 19% for the high sulfur fuel.Noncarbonaceous materials are from 27% to 18% infraction from high sulfur DPM as opposed to the 17% to7% in the low sulfur diesel emissions. At lower collectiontemperatures, more OC and noncarbonaceous materialsare observed.