Generation and Mixing of Subfemtoliter Aqueous Droplets On Demand

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• 作者：Jianyong Tang ; Ana M. Jofre ; Rani B. Kishore ; Joseph E. Reiner ; Mark E. Greene ; Geoffrey M. Lowman ; John S. Denker ; Christina C. C. Willis ; Kristian Helmerson ; Lori S. Goldner
• 刊名：Analytical Chemistry
• 出版年：2009
• 出版时间：October 1, 2009
• 年：2009
• 卷：81
• 期：19
• 页码：8041-8047
• 全文大小：246K
• 年卷期：v.81,no.19(October 1, 2009)
• ISSN：1520-6882

文摘

We describe a novel method of generating monodisperse subfemtoliter aqueous droplets on demand by means of piezoelectric injection. Droplets with volumes down to 200 aL are generated by this technique. The droplets are injected into a low refractive index perfluorocarbon so that they can be optically trapped. We demonstrate the use of optical tweezers to manipulate and mix droplets. For example, using optical tweezers we bring two droplets, one containing a calcium sensitive dye and the other calcium chloride, into contact. The droplets coalesce with a resulting reaction time of about 1 ms. The monodispersity, manipulability, repeatability, small size, and fast mixing afforded by this system offer many opportunities for nanochemistry and observation of chemical reactions on a molecule-by-molecule basis.