Low-CO2 Electricity and Hydrogen: A Help or Hindrance for Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles?

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• 作者：T. J. Wallington ; M. Grahn ; J. E. Anderson ; S. A. Mueller ; M. I. Williander ; K. Lindgren
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：April 1, 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：44
• 期：7
• 页码：2702-2708
• 全文大小：424K
• 年卷期：v.44,no.7(April 1, 2010)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The title question was addressed using an energy model that accounts for projected global energy use in all sectors (transportation, heat, and power) of the global economy. Global CO₂ emissions were constrained to achieve stabilization at 400−550 ppm by 2100 at the lowest total system cost (equivalent to perfect CO₂ cap-and-trade regime). For future scenarios where vehicle technology costs were sufficiently competitive to advantage either hydrogen or electric vehicles, increased availability of low-cost, low-CO₂ electricity/hydrogen delayed (but did not prevent) the use of electric/hydrogen-powered vehicles in the model. This occurs when low-CO₂ electricity/hydrogen provides more cost-effective CO₂ mitigation opportunities in the heat and power energy sectors than in transportation. Connections between the sectors leading to this counterintuitive result need consideration in policy and technology planning.