One major challenge for application of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) in nanomedicine is the quantitative detection method. Herein, we exploited one quantitative detection method for nHAP based on the Eup>3+p> fluorescent labeling via a simple chemical coprecipitation method. The trace amount of nHAP in cells and tissues can be quantitatively detected on the basis of the fluorescent quantitative determination of Eup>3+p> ions in nHAP crystal lattice. The lowest concentration of Eup>3+p> ions that can be quantitatively detected is 0.5 nM using DELFIA enhancement solution. This methodology can be broadly applicable for studying the tissue distribution and metabolization of nHAP in vivo.