Calcifying Species Sensitivity Distributions for Ocean Acidification

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• 作者：Ligia B. Azevedo ; An M. De Schryver ; A. Jan Hendriks ; Mark A. J. Huijbregts
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 3, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：49
• 期：3
• 页码：1495-1500
• 全文大小：308K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Increasing CO₂ atmospheric levels lead to increasing ocean acidification, thereby enhancing calcium carbonate dissolution of calcifying species. We gathered peer-reviewed experimental data on the effects of acidified seawater on calcifying species growth, reproduction, and survival. The data were used to derive species-specific median effective concentrations, i.e., pH₅₀, and pH₁₀, via logistic regression. Subsequently, we developed species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) to assess the potentially affected fraction (PAF) of species exposed to pH declines. Effects on species growth were observed at higher pH than those on species reproduction (mean pH₁₀ was 7.73 vs 7.63 and mean pH₅₀ was 7.28 vs 7.11 for the two life processes, respectively) and the variability in the sensitivity of species increased with increasing number of species available for the PAF (pH₁₀ standard deviation was 0.20, 0.21, and 0.33 for survival, reproduction, and growth, respectively). The SSDs were then applied to two climate change scenarios to estimate the increase in PAF (螖PAF) by future ocean acidification. In a high CO₂ emission scenario, 螖PAF was 3 to 10% (for pH₅₀) and 21 to 32% (for pH₁₀). In a low emission scenario, 螖PAF was 1 to 4% (for pH₅₀) and 7 to 12% (for pH₁₀). Our SSDs developed for the effect of decreasing ocean pH on calcifying marine species assemblages can also be used for comparison with other environmental stressors.