Studies on Supercapacitor Electrode Material from Activated Lignin-Derived Mesoporous Carbon

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• 作者：Dipendu Saha ; Yunchao Li ; Zhonghe Bi ; Jihua Chen ; Jong K. Keum ; Dale K. Hensley ; Hippolyte A. Grappe ; Harry M. Meyer ; III ; Sheng Dai ; M. Parans Paranthaman ; A. K. Naskar
• 刊名：Langmuir
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：January 28, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：30
• 期：3
• 页码：900-910
• 全文大小：719K
• ISSN：1520-5827

文摘

We synthesized mesoporous carbon from pre-cross-linked lignin gel impregnated with a surfactant as the pore-forming agent and then activated the carbon through physical and chemical methods to obtain activated mesoporous carbon. The activated mesoporous carbons exhibited 1.5- to 6-fold increases in porosity with a maximum Brunauer鈥揈mmett鈥揟eller (BET) specific surface area of 1148 m²/g and a pore volume of 1.0 cm³/g. Both physical and chemical activation enhanced the mesoporosity along with significant microporosity. Plots of cyclic voltammetric data with the capacitor electrode made from these carbons showed an almost rectangular curve depicting the behavior of ideal double-layer capacitance. Although the pristine mesoporous carbon exhibited a range of surface-area-based capacitance similar to that of other known carbon-based supercapacitors, activation decreased the surface-area-based specific capacitance and enhanced the gravimetric specific capacitance of the mesoporous carbons. A vertical tail in the lower-frequency domain of the Nyquist plot provided additional evidence of good supercapacitor behavior for the activated mesoporous carbons. We have modeled the equivalent circuit of the Nyquist plot with the help of two constant phase elements (CPE). Our work demonstrated that biomass-derived mesoporous carbon materials continue to show potential for use in specific electrochemical applications.