Food Web Magnification of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Poikilotherms and Homeotherms from the Barents Sea
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- 作者：Haakon Hop ; Katrine Borgå ; Geir Wing Gabrielsen ; Lars Kleivane ; and Janneche Utne Skaare
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2002
- 出版时间：June 15, 2002
- 年：2002
- 卷：36
- 期：12
- 页码：2589 - 2597
- 全文大小：157K
- 年卷期：v.36,no.12(June 15, 2002)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Food web magnification of persistent organic pollutants(POPs) was determined for the Barents Sea food web using
15N as a continuous variable for assessing trophiclevels (TL). The food web investigated comprised zooplankton,ice fauna and fish (poikilotherms, TL 1.7-3.3), andseabirds and seals (homeotherms, TL 3.3-4.2), withzooplankton representing the lowest and glaucous gullthe highest trophic level. Concentrations of lipophilic andpersistent organochlorines were orders of magnitude higherin homeotherms than in poikilotherms. These compoundshad significantly higher rates of increase per trophic levelin homeotherms relative to poikilotherms, with thehighest food web magnification factors (FWMFs) for cis-chlordane and p,p'-DDE. Some compounds, such as trans-nonachlor and HCB, had similar rates of increasethroughout the food web, whereas compounds that aremore readily eliminated (
-HCH) showed no relationship withtrophic level. It is preferable to calculate FWMFs withregard to thermal groups, because the different energyrequirements and biotransformation abilities betweenpoikilotherms and homeotherms may give different ratesof contaminant increase with trophic level. Whenbiomagnification is compared between ecosystems,FWMFs are preferable to single predator-prey biomagnification factors. FWMFs represent a trophic level increaseof contaminants that is average for the food chainrather than an increase for a specific predator-preyrelationship. The Barents Sea FWMFs were generallycomparable to those determined for marine food webswith similar food chain lengths in the Canadian Arctic.
15N as a continuous variable for assessing trophiclevels (TL). The food web investigated comprised zooplankton,ice fauna and fish (poikilotherms, TL 1.7-3.3), andseabirds and seals (homeotherms, TL 3.3-4.2), withzooplankton representing the lowest and glaucous gullthe highest trophic level. Concentrations of lipophilic andpersistent organochlorines were orders of magnitude higherin homeotherms than in poikilotherms. These compoundshad significantly higher rates of increase per trophic levelin homeotherms relative to poikilotherms, with thehighest food web magnification factors (FWMFs) for cis-chlordane and p,p'-DDE. Some compounds, such as trans-nonachlor and HCB, had similar rates of increasethroughout the food web, whereas compounds that aremore readily eliminated (-HCH) showed no relationship withtrophic level. It is preferable to calculate FWMFs withregard to thermal groups, because the different energyrequirements and biotransformation abilities betweenpoikilotherms and homeotherms may give different ratesof contaminant increase with trophic level. Whenbiomagnification is compared between ecosystems,FWMFs are preferable to single predator-prey biomagnification factors. FWMFs represent a trophic level increaseof contaminants that is average for the food chainrather than an increase for a specific predator-preyrelationship. The Barents Sea FWMFs were generallycomparable to those determined for marine food webswith similar food chain lengths in the Canadian Arctic.