Bioconcentration of Dissolved Organic Compounds from Oil Sands Process-Affected Water by Medaka (Oryzias latipes): Importance of Partitioning to Phospholipids

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• 作者：Kun Zhang ; Steve Wiseman ; John P Giesy ; Jonathan W. Martin
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 21, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：12
• 页码：6574-6582
• 全文大小：447K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The complex mixture of dissolved organics in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) is acutely lethal to fish at environmentally relevant concentrations, but few bioconcentration factors (BCFs) have been measured for its many chemical species. Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to 10% OSPW, and measured BCFs were evaluated against predicted BCFs from octanol–water distribution ratios (D_OW) and phospholipid membrane–water distribution ratios (D_MW). Two heteroatomic chemical classes detected in positive ion mode (SO⁺, NO⁺) and one in negative mode (O₂^–, also known as naphthenic acids) had the greatest D_MW values, as high as 10 000. Estimates of D_MW were similar to and correlated with D_OW for O⁺, O₂⁺, SO⁺, and NO⁺ chemical species, but for O₂^– and SO₂^– species the D_MW values were much greater than the corresponding D_OW, suggesting the importance of electrostatic interactions for these ionizable organic acids. Only SO⁺, NO⁺, and O₂^– species were detectable in medaka exposed to OSPW, and BCFs for SO⁺ and NO⁺ species ranged from 0.6 to 28 L/kg, lower than predicted (i.e., 1.4–1.7 × 10³ L/kg), possibly because of biotransformation of these hydrophobic substances. BCFs of O₂^– species ranged from 0.7 to 53 L/kg, similar to predicted values and indicating that phospholipid partitioning was an important bioconcentration mechanism.