A concise synthesis of peptides that contain E- or Z-dehydroisoleucine (螖Ile) residues is reported. The key reaction is an unusual anti dehydration of 尾-tert-hydroxy amino acid derivatives that is mediated by the Martin sulfurane. A subsequent tandem Staudinger reduction鈥揙 鈫?N acyl transfer process forges an amide bond to the 螖Ile residue with minimal E/Z alkene isomerization. Density functional calculations attribute the stereospecific dehydration to a highly asynchronous E2 anti process.