Synthetic Cluster Models of Biological and Heterogeneous Manganese Catalysts for O2 Evolution
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- 作者：Emily Y. Tsui ; Jacob S. Kanady ; Theodor Agapie
- 刊名：Inorganic Chemistry
- 出版年：2013
- 出版时间：December 16, 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：52
- 期：24
- 页码：13833-13848
- 全文大小：1070K
- 年卷期：v.52,no.24(December 16, 2013)
- ISSN：1520-510X
文摘
Artificial photosynthesis has emerged as an important strategy toward clean and renewable fuels. Catalytic oxidation of water to O<sub>2sub> remains a significant challenge in this context. A mechanistic understanding of currently known heterogeneous and biological catalysts at a molecular level is highly desirable for fundamental reasons as well as for the rational design of practical catalysts. This Award Article discusses recent efforts in synthesizing structural models of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. These structural motifs are also related to heterogeneous mixed-metal oxide catalysts. A stepwise synthetic methodology was developed toward achieving the structural complexity of the targeted active sites. A geometrically restricted multinucleating ligand, but with labile coordination modes, was employed for the synthesis of low-oxidation-state trimetallic species. These precursors were elaborated to site-differentiated tetrametallic complexes in high oxidation states. This methodology has allowed for structure鈥搑eactivity studies that have offered insight into the effects of different components of the clusters. Mechanistic aspects of oxygen-atom transfer and incorporation from water have been interrogated. Significantly, a large and systematic effect of redox-inactive metals on the redox properties of these clusters was discovered. With the pK<sub>asub> value of the redox-inactive metal鈥揳qua complex as a measure of the Lewis acidity, structurally analogous clusters display a linear dependence between the reduction potential and acidity; each pK<sub>asub> unit shifts the potential by ca. 90 mV. Implications for the function of the biological and heterogeneous catalysts are discussed.