Defluoridation of Drinking Water and Rainwater Harvesting Using a Solar Still
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- 作者：L. Anjaneyulu ; E. Arun Kumar ; Ravi Sankannavar ; K. Kesava Rao
- 刊名：Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
- 出版年：2012
- 出版时间：June 13, 2012
- 年：2012
- 卷：51
- 期：23
- 页码：8040-8048
- 全文大小：353K
- 年卷期：v.51,no.23(June 13, 2012)
- ISSN：1520-5045
文摘
When people drink water having a fluoride (F鈥?/sup>) concentration >1鈥?.5 mg/L for a long period of time, various ailments that are collectively referred to as fluorosis occur. Based on the design of Thomas (http://www.planetkerala.org), an inclined basin-type solar still containing sand and water has been used at Bangalore for defluoridation. For water samples having a fluoride concentration in the range 5鈥?0 mg/L, the fluoride concentration in the distillate was usually <1.5 mg/L. During the periods October 2006鈥揗ay 2007 and October 2007鈥揗ay 2008, the volume of distillate showed a significant diurnal variation, ranging from 0.3 to 4.0 L/m2路day. Based on the figures for 2006, the cost of the still was about Rs. 850 (US$16) for collector areas in the range 0.50鈥?.57 m2. The occurrence of F鈥?/sup> in the distillate merits further investigation. Overall, the still effectively removes F鈥?/sup>, but a large area of the collector, in the range 2.5鈥?5 m2, is needed to produce about 10 L of distilled water for cooking and drinking. Rainwater falling on the upper surface of the still was collected, and its fluoride concentration was found to be below the desirable limit of 1 mg/L. Hence it can also be used for cooking and drinking.