The chemical and structural evolution of supported PtRh alloy nano- and microparticles during oxidation has been studied by means of scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) and low energy electron microscopy (LEEM). The SPEM Rh 3d and Pt 4f images and microspot spectra revealed a higher reactivity of the Rh atoms and coexistence of several stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric Rh and Pt oxide phases with well developed lateral variations in the oxidation states with a single microparticle. The observed variations in the local reactivity were correlated to the complex initial surface morphology of the particles and the following structural changes upon oxidation monitored by LEEM.