Serotonin Derivatives, Major Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seed Antioxidants, Inhibit Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Oxidation and Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice

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• 作者：Naoto Koyama ; Kanna Kuribayashi ; Tetsuya Seki ; Katsunori Kobayashi ; Yasufumi Furuhata ; Katsuya Suzuki ; Harumi Arisaka ; Takashi Nakano ; Yusuke Amino ; and Koichi Ishii
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：July 12, 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：54
• 期：14
• 页码：4970 - 4976
• 全文大小：100K
• 年卷期：v.54,no.14(July 12, 2006)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

The effects of defatted safflower seed extract and its phenolic constituents, serotonin derivatives, onatherosclerosis were studied. Ethanol-ethyl acetate extract of safflower seeds (SSE) inhibited low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation induced in vitro by an azo-containing free-radical initiator V70 orcopper ions. Two serotonin derivatives [N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin, CS; N-feruloylserotonin, FS] andtheir glucosides were identified as the major phenolic constituents of the extract. The study withchemically synthesized materials revealed that a majority of the antioxidative activity of SSE wasattributable to the aglycones of these two serotonin derivatives. Orally administered CS and FSsuppressed CuSO₄-induced plasma oxidation ex vivo. Long-term (15 week) dietary supplementationof SSE (1.0 wt %/wt) and synthetic serotonin derivatives (0.2-0.4%) significantly reduced theatherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic sinus of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (29.2-79.7%reduction). The plasma level of both lipid peroxides and anti-oxidized LDL autoantibody titersdecreased concomitantly with the reduction of lesion formation. Serotonin derivatives were detectedas both intact and conjugated metabolites in the plasma of C57BL/6J mice fed on 1.0% SSE diet.These findings demonstrate that serotonin derivatives of SSE are absorbed into circulation andattenuate atherosclerotic lesion development possibly because of the inhibition of oxidized LDLformation through their strong antioxidative activity.Keywords: Safflower; serotonin derivatives; antioxidants; LDL oxidation; apoE-deficient mice