Simultaneous Computation of Dynamical and Equilibrium Information Using a Weighted Ensemble of Trajectories
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- 作者：Ernesto Su谩rez ; Steven Lettieri ; Matthew C. Zwier ; Carsen A. Stringer ; Sundar Raman Subramanian ; Lillian T. Chong ; Daniel M. Zuckerman
- 刊名：Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：July 8, 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：10
- 期：7
- 页码：2658-2667
- 全文大小：565K
- ISSN：1549-9626
文摘
Equilibrium formally can be represented as an ensemble of uncoupled systems undergoing unbiased dynamics in which detailed balance is maintained. Many nonequilibrium processes can be described by suitable subsets of the equilibrium ensemble. Here, we employ the 鈥渨eighted ensemble鈥?(WE) simulation protocol [Huber and Kim, Biophys. J. 1996, 70, 97鈥?10] to generate equilibrium trajectory ensembles and extract nonequilibrium subsets for computing kinetic quantities. States do not need to be chosen in advance. The procedure formally allows estimation of kinetic rates between arbitrary states chosen after the simulation, along with their equilibrium populations. We also describe a related history-dependent matrix procedure for estimating equilibrium and nonequilibrium observables when phase space has been divided into arbitrary non-Markovian regions, whether in WE or ordinary simulation. In this proof-of-principle study, these methods are successfully applied and validated on two molecular systems: explicitly solvated methane association and the implicitly solvated Ala4 peptide. We comment on challenges remaining in WE calculations.