Body Loadings and Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans at an Intensive Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

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• 作者：Janet K.Y. Chan ; Guan Hua Xing ; Ying Xu ; Ying Liang ; Ling Xuan Chen ; Sheng Chun Wu ; Chris K. C. Wong ; Clement K. M. Leung ; Ming H. Wong
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：November 15, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：41
• 期：22
• 页码：7668 - 7674
• 全文大小：159K
• 年卷期：v.41,no.22(November 15, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

This study is one of the very few investigating the dioxinbody burden of a group of child-bearing-aged women atan electronic waste (e-waste) recycling site (Taizhou, ZhejiangProvince) (24 ± 2.83 years of age, 40% were primiparae)and a reference site (Lin'an city, Zhejiang Province, about245 km away from Taizhou) (24 ± 2.35 years of age,100% were primiparae) in China. Five sets of samples(each set consisted of human milk, placenta, and hair) werecollected from each site. Body burdens of people fromthe e-waste processing site (human milk, 21.02 ± 13.81 pgWHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g fat (World Health Organization toxicequivalency 1998); placenta, 31.15 ± 15.67 pg WHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g fat; hair, 33.82 ± 17.74 pg WHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g drywt) showed significantly higher levels of polychlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) than those from the reference site (human milk, 9.35± 7.39 pg WHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g fat; placenta, 11.91 ± 7.05 pg WHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g fat; hair, 5.59 ± 4.36 pg WHO-TEQ₁₉₉₈/g dry wt)and were comparatively higher than other studies. Thedifference between the two sites was due to e-waste recyclingoperations, for example, open burning, which led to highbackground levels. Moreover, mothers from the e-wasterecycling site consumed more foods of animal origin. Theestimated daily intake of PCDD/Fs within 6 months by breast-fed infants from the e-waste processing site was 2 timeshigher than that from the reference site. Both valuesexceeded the WHO tolerable daily intake for adults by atleast 25 and 11 times, respectively. Our results implicatedthat e-waste recycling operations cause prominentPCDD/F levels in the environment and in humans. Theelevated body burden may have health implications for thenext generation.