文摘
Graphene was inserted into the interface between electric dipole layers from DEME-TFSI ionic liquid (top-gate) and ferroelectric Pb<sub>0.92sub>La<sub>0.08sub>Zr<sub>0.52sub>Ti<sub>0.48sub>O<sub>3sub> (PLZT, back-gate) to probe the interface dipole–dipole interaction in response to DC and pulsed gate voltages. A highly complicated behavior of the interface dipole–dipole interaction has been revealed as a combination of electrostatic and electrochemical effects. The interfacial polar molecules in the DEME-TFSI electrical double layer are pinned with assistance from the PLZT back-gate in response to a DC top-gate pump, leading to strong nonlinear electrochemical behavior. In contrast, depinning of these molecules can be facilitated by a faster pulsed top-gate pump, which results in a characteristic linear electrostatic behavior. This result not only sheds light on the dynamic dipole–dipole interactions on the interface between functional materials but also prototypes a unique pump and probe approach using graphene field effect transistors to detect the interface dipole–dipole interaction.