Interaction Tensors and Local Dynamics in Common Structural Motifs of Nitrogen: A Solid-State 14N NMR and DFT Study

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• 作者：Luke A. O鈥橠ell ; Robert W. Schurko ; Kristopher J. Harris ; Jochen Autschbach ; Christopher I. Ratcliffe
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：January 26, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：133
• 期：3
• 页码：527-546
• 全文大小：934K
• 年卷期：v.133,no.3(January 26, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

¹⁴N solid-state NMR powder patterns have been obtained at high field (21.1 T) using broadband, frequency-swept pulses and a piecewise acquisition method. This approach allowed the electric field gradient (EFG) tensor parameters to be obtained from model organic and inorganic systems featuring spherically asymmetric nitrogen environments (C_Q values of up to ca. 4 MHz). The advantages and limitations of this experimental approach are discussed, and the observation of ¹⁴N T₂ relaxation anisotropy in certain systems is also reported, which can shed light on dynamic processes, allowing motional geometries and jump rates to be probed. In particular, we show that observable effects of dynamics on ¹⁴N spectra can be mediated by modulation of either the EFG tensor or heteronuclear dipolar couplings. It is demonstrated that the QCPMG protocol can be used to selectively enhance certain types of nitrogen environments on the basis of differences in T₂. We also present the results of extensive density functional theory calculations on these systems, which show remarkably good correlation with the experimental results and allow the prediction of tensor orientations, assignment of parameters to crystallographic sites, and a rationalization of the origin of the EFG tensors in terms of contributions from individual molecular orbitals. This work demonstrates that ultra-wideline ¹⁴N solid-state NMR can, under favorable circumstances, be a straightforward, useful, and informative probe of molecular structure and dynamics.