Demonstration of Combined Zero-Valent Iron and Electrical Resistance Heating for In Situ Trichloroethene Remediation

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• 作者：M. J. Truex ; T. W. Macbeth ; V. R. Vermeul ; B. G. Fritz ; D. P. Mendoza ; R. D. Mackley ; T. W. Wietsma ; G. Sandberg ; T. Powell ; J. Powers ; E. Pitre ; M. Michalsen ; S. J. Ballock-Dixon ; L. Zhong ; M. Oostrom
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：June 15, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：45
• 期：12
• 页码：5346-5351
• 全文大小：830K
• 年卷期：v.45,no.12(June 15, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The effectiveness of in situ treatment using zero-valent iron (ZVI) for nonaqueous phase or significant sediment-associated contaminant mass can be limited by relatively low rates of mass transfer to bring contaminants in contact with the reactive media. For a field test in a trichloroethene (TCE) source area, combining moderate-temperature subsurface electrical resistance heating with in situ ZVI treatment was shown to accelerate TCE treatment by a factor of about 4 based on organic daughter products and a factor about 8 based on chloride concentrations. A mass-discharge-based analysis was used to evaluate reaction, dissolution, and volatilization processes at ambient groundwater temperature (10 掳C) and as temperature was increased up to about 50 掳C. Increased reaction and contaminant dissolution were observed with increased temperature, but vapor- or aqueous-phase migration of TCE out of the treatment zone was minimal during the test because reactions maintained low aqueous-phase TCE concentrations.