Spot Spraying Reduces Herbicide Concentrations in Runoff

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• 作者：Alice R. Melland ; D. Mark Silburn ; Allen D. McHugh ; Emilie Fillols ; Samuel Rojas-Ponce ; Craig Baillie ; Stephen Lewis
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 25, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：64
• 期：20
• 页码：4009-4020
• 全文大小：438K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Rainfall simulator trials were conducted on sugar cane paddocks across dry-tropical and subtropical Queensland, Australia, to examine the potential for spot spraying to reduce herbicide losses in runoff. Recommended rates of the herbicides glyphosate, 2,4-D, fluoroxypyr, atrazine, and diuron were sprayed onto 0, 20, 40, 50, 70, or 100% of the area of runoff plots. Simulated rainfall was applied 2 days after spraying to induce runoff at one plant cane and three ratoon crop sites. Over 50% of all herbicides were transported in the dissolved phase of runoff, regardless of the herbicide’s sediment–water partition coefficient. For most sites and herbicides, runoff herbicide concentrations decreased with decreasing spray coverage and with decreasing herbicide load in the soil and cane residues. Importantly, sites with higher infiltration prior to runoff and lower total runoff had lower runoff herbicide concentrations.