Quantification of Carotenoids in Citrus Fruit by LC-MS and Comparison of Patterns of Seasonal Changes for Carotenoids among Citrus Varieties
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- 作者：Hikaru Matsumoto ; Yoshinori Ikoma ; Masaya Kato ; Takeshi Kuniga ; Naoko Nakajima ; Toshio Yoshida
- 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- 出版年：2007
- 出版时间：March 21, 2007
- 年：2007
- 卷：55
- 期：6
- 页码：2356 - 2368
- 全文大小：359K
- 年卷期：v.55,no.6(March 21, 2007)
- ISSN：1520-5118
文摘
To quantify the 18 carotenoids on the basic routes of the carotenoid biosynthesis in plantssimultaneously, a method for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using atmosphericpressure chemical ionization was developed. With this method, the seasonal changes of carotenoidsin the flavedo and juice sacs of 39 citrus varieties were analyzed. On the basis of the patterns ofseasonal changes of carotenoids in both flavedo and juice sacs, 39 citrus varieties were classified.In flavedo, 39 varieties were classified into 5 clusters, in which the carotenoid profiles were carotenoid-poor, phytoene-abundant, violaxanthin-abundant, violaxanthin- and 
-cryptoxanthin-abundant, andphytoene-, violaxanthin-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant, respectively. In juice sacs, they were classifiedinto 4 clusters, in which the carotenoid profiles were carotenoid-poor, violaxanthin-abundant,violaxanthin- and phytoene-abundant, and violaxanthin-, phytoene-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant,respectively. In flavedo, many citrus varieties, except for the carotenoid-poor and phytoene-abundantvarieties, massively accumulated ,
-carotenoids (e.g., lutein), ,-carotenoids (e.g., -cryptoxanthinand violaxanthin), and phytoene, in that order. In juice sacs, the accumulation order among ,-carotenoids was observed. Violaxanthin accumulation preceded -cryptoxanthin accumulation inviolaxanthin-, phytoene-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant varieties. In each variety, the carotenoidprofiles of the flavedo and juice sacs on the basis of the concentration in violaxanthin and-cryptoxanthin were similar, with the exception of a few varieties.
-cryptoxanthin-abundant, andphytoene-, violaxanthin-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant, respectively. In juice sacs, they were classifiedinto 4 clusters, in which the carotenoid profiles were carotenoid-poor, violaxanthin-abundant,violaxanthin- and phytoene-abundant, and violaxanthin-, phytoene-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant,respectively. In flavedo, many citrus varieties, except for the carotenoid-poor and phytoene-abundantvarieties, massively accumulated ,-carotenoids (e.g., lutein), ,-carotenoids (e.g., -cryptoxanthinand violaxanthin), and phytoene, in that order. In juice sacs, the accumulation order among ,-carotenoids was observed. Violaxanthin accumulation preceded -cryptoxanthin accumulation inviolaxanthin-, phytoene-, and -cryptoxanthin-abundant varieties. In each variety, the carotenoidprofiles of the flavedo and juice sacs on the basis of the concentration in violaxanthin and-cryptoxanthin were similar, with the exception of a few varieties.