Comprehensive Assessment of a Chlorinated Drinking Water Concentrate in a Rat Multigenerational Reproductive Toxicity Study

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• 作者：Michael G. Narotsky ; Gary R. Klinefelter ; Jerome M. Goldman ; Deborah S. Best ; Anthony McDonald ; Lillian F. Strader ; Juan D. Suarez ; Ashley S. Murr ; Inthirany Thillainadarajah ; E. Sidney Hunter ; III ; Susan D. Richardson ; Thomas F. Speth ; Richard J. Miltner ; Jonathan G. Pressman ; Linda K. Teuschler ; Glenn E. Rice ; Virginia C. Moser ; Robert W. Luebke ; Jane Ellen Simmons
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：September 17, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：18
• 页码：10653-10659
• 全文大小：232K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.18(September 17, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Some epidemiological studies report associations between drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and adverse reproductive/developmental effects, e.g., low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and birth defects. Using a multigenerational rat bioassay, we evaluated an environmentally relevant 鈥渨hole鈥?mixture of DBPs representative of chlorinated drinking water, including unidentified DBPs as well as realistic proportions of known DBPs at low-toxicity concentrations. Source water from a water utility was concentrated 136-fold, chlorinated, and provided as drinking water to Sprague鈥揇awley rats. Timed-pregnant females (P₀ generation) were exposed during gestation and lactation. Weanlings (F₁ generation) continued exposures and were bred to produce an F₂ generation. Large sample sizes enhanced statistical power, particularly for pup weight and prenatal loss. No adverse effects were observed for pup weight, prenatal loss, pregnancy rate, gestation length, puberty onset in males, growth, estrous cycles, hormone levels, immunological end points, and most neurobehavioral end points. Significant, albeit slight, effects included delayed puberty for F₁ females, reduced caput epidydimal sperm counts in F₁ adult males, and increased incidences of thyroid follicular cell hypertrophy in adult females. These results highlight areas for future research, while the largely negative findings, particularly for pup weight and prenatal loss, are notable.