Highly Dispersed Palladium(II) in a Defective Metal鈥揙rganic Framework: Application to C鈥揌 Activation and Functionalization

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• 作者：Tae-Hong Park ; Amanda J. Hickman ; Kyoungmoo Koh ; Stephen Martin ; Antek G. Wong-Foy ; Melanie S. Sanford ; Adam J. Matzger
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：December 21, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：133
• 期：50
• 页码：20138-20141
• 全文大小：753K
• 年卷期：v.133,no.50(December 21, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

High reversibility during crystallization leads to relatively defect-free crystals through repair of nonperiodic inclusions, including those derived from impurities. Microporous coordination polymers (MCPs) can achieve a high level of crystallinity through a related mechanism whereby coordination defects are repaired, leading to single crystals. In this work, we discovered and exploited the fact that this process is far from perfect for MCPs and that a minority ligand that is coordinatively identical to but distinct in shape from the majority linker can be inserted into the framework, resulting in defects. The reaction of Zn(II) with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H₂BDC) in the presence of small amounts of 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (H₃BTB) leads to a new crystalline material, MOF-5(O_h), that is nearly identical to MOF-5 but has an octahedral morphology and a number of defect sites that are uniquely functionalized with dangling carboxylates. The reaction with Pd(OAc)₂ impregnates the metal ions, creating a heterogeneous catalyst with ultrahigh surface area. The Pd(II)-catalyzed phenylation of naphthalene within Pd-impregnated MOF-5(O_h) demonstrates the potential utility of an MCP framework for modulating the reactivity and selectivity of such transformations. Furthermore, this novel synthetic approach can be applied to different MCPs and will provide scaffolds functionalized with catalytically active metal species.