HRMS Profile of a Hazelnut Skin Proanthocyanidin-rich Fraction with Antioxidant and Anti-Candida albicans Activities
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- 作者：Anna Lisa Piccinelli ; Imma Pagano ; Tiziana Esposito ; Teresa Mencherini ; Amalia Porta ; Anna Maria Petrone ; Patrizia Gazzerro ; Patrizia Picerno ; Francesca Sansone ; Luca Rastrelli ; Rita Patrizia Aquino
- 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：January 27, 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：64
- 期：3
- 页码：585-595
- 全文大小：463K
- ISSN：1520-5118
文摘
Roasted hazelnut skins (RHS) represent a byproduct of kernel industrial processing. In this research, a RHS extract (RHS-M) and its fraction RHS-M-F3 enriched in proanthocyanidins (PAs), with antioxidant activity, were characterized in terms of total phenolic compound and PA contents. RHS-M and RHS-M-F3 showed antifungal properties against Candida albicans SC5314 (MIC2 = 3.00 and 0.10 μg/mL and MIC0 = 5.00 and 0.50 μg/mL, respectively), determined by the microbroth dilution method and Candida albicans morphological analysis. No cytotoxic effect on HEKa and HDFa cell lines was exhibited by RHS-M and RHS-M-F3. The metabolite profiling of RHS-M and RHS-M-F3 was performed by thiolysis followed by HPLC-UV-HRMS analysis and a combination of HRMS-FIA and HPLC-HRMSn. Extract and fraction contain oligomeric PAs (mDP of 7.3 and 6.0, respectively, and DP up to 10) mainly constituted by B-type oligomers of (epi)-catechin. Also, (epi)-gallocatechin and gallate derivatives were identified as monomer units, and A-type PAs were detected as minor compounds.