Synergies of Wind Power and Electrified Space Heating: Case Study for Beijing

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• 作者：Xinyu Chen ; Xi Lu ; Michael B. McElroy ; Chris P. Nielsen ; Chongqing Kang
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：February 4, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：3
• 页码：2016-2024
• 全文大小：428K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Demands for electricity and energy to supply heat are expected to expand by 71% and 47%, respectively, for Beijing in 2020 relative to 2009. If the additional electricity and heat are supplied solely by coal as is the current situation, annual emissions of CO₂ may be expected to increase by 59.6% or 99 million tons over this interval. Assessed against this business as usual (BAU) background, the present study indicates that significant reductions in emissions could be realized using wind-generated electricity to provide a source of heat, employed either with heat pumps or with electric thermal storage (ETS) devices. Relative to BAU, reductions in CO₂ with heat pumps assuming 20% wind penetration could be as large as 48.5% and could be obtained at a cost for abatement of as little as $15.6 per ton of avoided CO₂. Even greater reductions, 64.5%, could be realized at a wind penetration level of 40% but at a higher cost, $29.4 per ton. Costs for reduction of CO₂ using ETS systems are significantly higher, reflecting the relatively low efficiency for conversion of coal to power to heat.