Hurricane Katrina's Impact on New Orleans Soils Treated with Low Lead Mississippi River Alluvium
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- 作者：Howard W. Mielke ; ; Eric T. Powell ; Christopher R. Gonzales ; Paul W. Mielke ; Jr.
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2006
- 出版时间：December 15, 2006
- 年：2006
- 卷：40
- 期：24
- 页码：7623 - 7628
- 全文大小：93K
- 年卷期：v.40,no.24(December 15, 2006)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Before Hurricane Katrina flooded 80% of New Orleans, 25heavily Pb contaminated properties were treated with15 cm of low Pb Mississippi River alluvium from the BonnetCarré Spillway (BCS). Four phases of soil collection onthe properties included pretreatment (phase 1) median surfacesoil Pb was 1051 mg/kg (range 5-19 627); after BCScover (phase 2) the median soil Pb decreased to 6.3 mg/kg (range 3-18); just before Katrina, a soil collection waspartially completed (phase 3); and finally, a post-Katrinacollection (phase 4) on all 25 properties. Twenty-threeproperties were flooded. The objective was to comparePb changes of phases 2 and 3 pre-Katrina with the post-Katrina (phase 4) soil collection. The post-Katrina soil Pb(phase 4) (median of 16.3, range 5.5-1,155) increasedsignificantly (P-value = 3.7 × 10-10) from the clean soil,phase 2 results. Matched soil samples collected in phase3 before flooding and phase 4 after flooding showedthat on initially vacant lots the amounts of Pb were notsignificantly different (P-value = 0.97); but, on propertieswith homes, the changes were significant (P-value = 0.03).After catastrophic flooding, the clean soil remainedrelatively undisturbed; the soil Pb changes were smallwith increases of median Pb of 12 and 6 mg/kg for vacantlots and properties with homes, respectively. Processesaccounting for Pb increases include Pb-based paint abatementon one property, home construction on the vacant lots,and resuspension and deposition of Pb dust. As part of thepost-Katrina recovery, the combined benefits of Pb-safepaint abatement or renovation and clean soil cover shouldoutweigh the estimated annual cost of Pb poisoning ofchildren returning to New Orleans.