Multiresidue Determination of Ultratrace Levels of Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobials in Drinking and Aquaculture Water Samples by Automated Online Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid

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• 作者：Erika Rodri虂guez ; Fernando Navarro-Villoslada ; Elena Benito-Pen虄a ; Mari虂a Dolores Marazuela ; Mari虂a Cruz Moreno-Bondi
• 刊名：Analytical Chemistry
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：March 15, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：83
• 期：6
• 页码：2046-2055
• 全文大小：936K
• 年卷期：v.83,no.6(March 15, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-6882

文摘

The present work describes the development of a sensitive and highly selective innovative method for the simultaneous detection of six fluoroquinolone (FQ) antimicrobials (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, danofloxacin, and sarafloxacin) in water samples. This detection is based on online solid phase extraction, coupled to liquid chromatography (LC), using for the first time tailor-made molecularly imprinted microspherical polymer particles prepared via precipitation polymerization. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the polymer have been optimized to reduce nonspecific interactions and to achieve selective uptake of the antibiotics from real samples. The method shows good recoveries ranging between 62% and 102% (V = 25 mL) for the different FQs tested and excellent interday and intraday precision with relative standard deviation (RSD) values between 2鈭?% and 2鈭?%, respectively. The detection limits were between 1鈭?1 ng L^鈭? (drinking water) and 1鈭?2 ng L^鈭? (fish farm water) when 25 mL samples were processed. The polymer showed selectivity for FQs containing a piperazine moiety whereas no retention was found for other antibiotics or nonrelated compounds. The method has been applied to the analysis of trace amounts of the FQs tested in drinking and fish farm water samples with excellent recoveries (>91%) and good precision (RSDs <5%).