Development of synthetic molecules that provide external control over the transcription of a givengene represents a challenge in medicinal and bioorganic chemistry. Here we report design and analysis ofwrenchnolol, a wrench-shaped synthetic molecule that impairs the transcription of the
Her2 oncogene bydisrupting association of transcription factor ESX with its coactivator Sur-2. The "jaw" part of the compoundmimics the
-helical interface of the activation domain of ESX, and the "handle" region accepts chemicalmodifications for a range of analysis. A water-soluble handle permitted NMR study in aqueous solution; abiotinylated handle verified the selectivity of the interaction, and a fluorescent handle confirmed the cellpermeability of the compound. The case study of wrenchnolol foreshadows the promise and the challengeof targeting protein-protein interactions in the nucleus and may lead to the development of unique syntheticmodulators of gene transcription.