Size and Morphology Dependence of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by a Fast Continuous Flow Hydrothermal Method

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• 作者：Martin S酶ndergaard ; Espen D. B酶jesen ; Mogens Christensen ; Bo B. Iversen
• 刊名：Crystal Growth & Design
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：September 7, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：11
• 期：9
• 页码：4027-4033
• 全文大小：1044K
• 年卷期：v.11,no.9(September 7, 2011)
• ISSN：1528-7505

文摘

We have investigated the formation of ZnO nanoparticles using a fast continuous flow hydrothermal synthesis method. The synthesis conditions have been varied with respect to temperature, pH, and concentration of the Zn(NO<sub>3sub>)<sub>2sub>路4H<sub>2sub>O + NaOH aqueous precursor. The different conditions affect the size, morphology, and crystallinity of the produced ZnO nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were investigated by Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size and morphology are highly temperature dependent: Anisotropic particles of a maximum length of 1 渭m are produced at a reactor temperature of 122 掳C, while isotropic particles of around 25 nm are produced at temperatures above 200 掳C. The crystallinity of the particles increases from 90(1)% at 122鈥?00 掳C to 99(1)% at 390 掳C. Variation of the pH of the precursor results in different morphologies: (1) acidic conditions produce large rods, (2) neutral conditions give isotropic particles, and (3) alkaline conditions result in large plates. Finally, it was found that the particle size increases with the precursor concentration.