Occurrence and Specific Congener Profile of 40 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in River and Coastal Sediments from Portugal
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- 作者：Sí ; lvia Lacorte ; Mí ; riam Guillamó ; n ; Elena Martí ; nez ; Paula Viana ; and Damià ; Barceló
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2003
- 出版时间：March 1, 2003
- 年：2003
- 卷：37
- 期：5
- 页码：892 - 898
- 全文大小：184K
- 年卷期：v.37,no.5(March 1, 2003)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Forty polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), frommono- through hepta-brominated, were analyzed in riverand coastal sediment samples of the eight main river basinsof Portugal to investigate the occurrence, geographicaldistribution, and detailed congener profiles. Thirty-twosediment samples taken along the different rivers from inlandto the open sea revealed an increase toward the rivermouth with a total PBDE concentration of 20 ng/g-dw, andlevels decreased to 0.5 ng/g-dw in coastal sediments.PBDEs were detected in all samples analyzed, indicatinga diffuse source of pollution in the aquatic environments.Maximum levels were encountered in sediments collectedclose to urban and industrial areas. Of 40 congenersincluded in the analytical work, 17 congeners were detectedin river sediments. BDE 47 was found in all samplesanalyzed whereas BDEs 100 and 99 were found in morethan 26 out of 32 samples analyzed at concentrations from0.03 to 10 ng/g-dw. This study is unique in showing thepresence of previously nondescribed lower brominated PBDEsin riverine and marine sediments. BDEs 7, 11, 12+13, 15,30, 32, 17, 25, 28+33, 49, 75, and 71 were identified in twoto five samples with a median of 0.03-0.55 ng/g-dw.The analytical method developed consisted of the use ofSoxhlet extraction with a novel cleanup method employingalumina cartridges and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry operated in negative chemicalionization mode.