Real-Space Imaging of the Atomic Structure of Organic–Inorganic Perovskite

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• 作者：Robin Ohmann ; Luis K. Ono ; Hui-Seon Kim ; Haiping Lin ; Michael V. Lee ; Youyong Li ; Nam-Gyu Park ; Yabing Qi
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 30, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：137
• 期：51
• 页码：16049-16054
• 全文大小：422K
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Organic–inorganic perovskite is a promising class of materials for photovoltaic applications and light emitting diodes. However, so far commercialization is still impeded by several drawbacks. Atomic-scale effects have been suggested to be possible causes, but an unequivocal experimental view at the atomic level is missing. Here, we present a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy study of single crystal methylammonium lead bromide CH₃NH₃PbBr₃. Topographic images of the in situ cleaved perovskite surface reveal the real-space atomic structure. Compared to the bulk we observe modified arrangements of atoms and molecules on the surface. With the support of density functional theory we explain these by surface reconstruction and a substantial interplay of the orientation of the polar organic cations (CH₃NH₃)⁺ with the position of the hosting anions. This leads to structurally and electronically distinct domains with ferroelectric and antiferroelectric character. We further demonstrate local probing of defects, which may also impact device performance.