In Vitro Bioassays for Assessing Estrogenic Substances

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• 作者：Tim Zacharewski
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：1997
• 出版时间：March 1997
• 年：1997
• 卷：31
• 期：3
• 页码：613 - 623
• 全文大小：206K
• 年卷期：v.31,no.3(March 1997)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

This past summer, United States President Bill Clintonsignedinto law amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act andFood Quality Protection Act that include clauses requiringthe EPA to develop testing procedures for substancesthat "mimic" the effect of naturally-occurring estrogens.Theact requires the testing of substances found in drinkingwater and all pesticide materials including both activeandinert ingredients as well as substances that may have acumulative or synergistic effect when combined with pesticides. Estimates indicate that this could require thetestingof as many as 70 000 chemicals currently used in theUnited States. EPA, industry, and public interestgroupsare investigating strategies to develop screening tests byAugust 1998 in order to implement a program by August1999 as mandated in the legislation. This review focusesonin vitro assays such as competitive ligand binding,cellproliferation, and estrogen receptor transcription assays,which are currently being used to identify and assesschemicals alleged to possess estrogenic activity. Theadvantages and limitations of each assay are discussed.The review concludes that complementary in vivo andinvitro assays are required to accurately assess thepotentialestrogenic activity of any chemical or complexmixture.